Per F. I. Pharo is Director of the Government of Norway’s International Climate and Forest Initiative at the Norwegian Ministry of Environment, having served in that function since October 2011. He has been with the initiative as deputy director since its inception in 2008, when it was set up to deliver on Norwegian Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg’s Bali promise to spend up to 3 billion Norwegian kroner annually to contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. Previously, he has worked at McKinsey & Company’s Oslo office, at the Norwegian Ministry of Defense on security policy, defense policy and defense transformation, and as a researcher at the Norwegian Institute of Defense Studies. He has a Candidatus Philologiae degree in history from the University of Oslo, Norway, and a BA in international and US politics and history from Augustana College, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.